{"id":281510,"date":"2025-10-14T18:32:19","date_gmt":"2025-10-14T15:32:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/timspark.com\/?p=281510"},"modified":"2025-10-28T16:48:14","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T13:48:14","slug":"cross-platform-development-challenges","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/","title":{"rendered":"Cracking the Code of Cross-Platform Development: Challenges and Advantages in a Nutshell"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Section&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.3&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.3&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;60px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;60px||||false|false&#8221; 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_module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;<H1>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.3&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|700|||||||&#8221; header_text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; header_font_size=&#8221;45px&#8221; header_font_tablet=&#8221;Anek Latin|700|||||||&#8221; header_font_phone=&#8221;Anek Latin|700|||||||&#8221; header_font_last_edited=&#8221;on|tablet&#8221; header_text_color_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; header_font_size_tablet=&#8221;30px&#8221; header_font_size_phone=&#8221;30px&#8221; header_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">Cracking the Code of Cross-Platform Development: Challenges and Advantages in a Nutshell<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;3_4,1_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; 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global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.23.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_77 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Page Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Prze\u0142\u0105cznik Spisu Tre\u015bci\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 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ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/#NET_MAUI_Multiplatform_App_Development\">.NET MAUI: Multiplatform App Development<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/#NET_MAUI_pros\">.NET MAUI pros:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/#NET_MAUI_cons\">.NET MAUI cons:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/#React_Native_Advantages_for_Android_and_iOS_App_Development\">React Native Advantages for Android and iOS App Development<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/#Flutter_to_Reduce_Development_Costs\">Flutter to Reduce Development Costs<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/#Kotlin_Multiplatform_Ensuring_Scalability_in_Cross-Platform_Apps\">Kotlin Multiplatform: Ensuring Scalability in Cross-Platform Apps<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/#Cross-platform_app_development_frameworks_comparison\">Cross-platform app development frameworks comparison<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/#Cross-platform_development_challenges\">Cross-platform development challenges<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/#Cross-platform_software_development_cost\">Cross-platform software development cost<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/#Multiplatform_app_development_risks\">Multiplatform app development risks<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/#Useful_tips_for_cross-platform_development\">Useful tips for cross-platform development<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/#Multiplatform_app_development_risks-2\">Multiplatform app development risks<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/#AI_Tools_to_speed_up_cross-platform_development\">AI Tools to speed up cross-platform development<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/#Conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/pl\/blog\/cross-platform-development-challenges\/#References\">References<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n[\/et_pb_code][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; link_font=&#8221;&#8211;et_global_body_font||on||on||||solid&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In today\u2019s digital era, technology is advancing faster than ever, making internet services and mobile apps essential to everyday life. For developers, this growing demand brings both opportunities and challenges: while the user base continues to expand, creating and maintaining separate codebases for multiple apps can quickly become a major burden. At the same time, ensuring seamless experiences across various platforms and devices is crucial to effectively reach and engage users. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/services\/custom-mobile-development-and-consulting\/#cross-platform\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cross-platform app development<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> offers an effective solution to this problem.<br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/timspark.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Operating-System-Market-Share-Worldwide.webp&#8221; alt=&#8221;Operating system market share worldwide, Oct 2024\u2013Sept 2025: Android dominates mid-40s with a July dip; Windows climbs to ~30%; iOS trends down to ~15%; macOS ~4\u20136%; Linux ~2%; \u2018Unknown\u2019 grows to ~5%.&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Operating System Market Share Worldwide&#8221; show_in_lightbox=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Image (NET MAUI)&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;80%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;80%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; max_width=&#8221;1080px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|12px|12px|12px|12px&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#eaeaea&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; link_font=&#8221;&#8211;et_global_body_font||on||on||||&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gs.statcounter.com\/os-market-share#monthly-202409-202509\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">According to the StatCounter service<\/a>, about 44% of users access the Internet from Android devices, more than 30% from the Windows operating system, approximately 15% and 2% are users of iOS and MacOS devices, respectively, and the share of Linux users is also growing (statistics for 2025, Worldwide region). <\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H2&#8243; module_id=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;30px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_most_promising_cross-platform_app_frameworks\"><\/span>The most promising cross-platform app frameworks<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By the time we write this article, various statistical aggregators named .NET MAUI (Xamarin), React Native and Flutter as top-choice frameworks for cross-platform development. Additionally, we are including Kotlin Multiplatform to this list. Wondering why? Let\u2019s delve into the details below.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"NET_MAUI_Multiplatform_App_Development\"><\/span>.NET MAUI: Multiplatform App Development<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; link_font=&#8221;&#8211;et_global_body_font||on||on||||&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/dotnet\/maui\/what-is-maui\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">.NET MAUI<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, developed and supported by Microsoft, may have officially launched in 2022, but it\u2019s far from a newcomer. Built as the evolution of <\/span>Xamarin<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, one of the pioneers of cross-platform development, .NET MAUI brings together the best concepts and experience from its predecessor. While many existing applications were created with Xamarin, the framework was officially retired in May 2024. Microsoft now provides comprehensive tools and guidance to help developers <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/dotnet\/maui\/migration\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">migrate to .NET MAUI<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a modern solution that supports <\/span>Android, iOS, Windows, and macOS<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, all built on the latest versions of .NET.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"NET_MAUI_pros\"><\/span>.NET MAUI pros:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; link_font=&#8221;||on||on||||&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The framework is based on .NET, and the programming language is C#. According to a Stack Overflow Developer Survey, C# was named a popular language by <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/survey.stackoverflow.co\/2025\/technology#most-popular-technologies-language-prof\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nearly a third of professional developers<\/span><\/a>.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Officially supported platforms: Android, iOS, macOS, and Windows. While Linux is not officially supported, developers can explore community-driven ports and workarounds to run basic .NET MAUI apps on Linux.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"NET_MAUI_cons\"><\/span>.NET MAUI cons:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During the transition from Xamarin to .NET MAUI, Microsoft has shifted its focus from tvOS, Android TV and Apple watchOS. So, if you need to write an app for these platforms, you will have to look for another technology.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since .NET MAUI apps for Android, iOS, and macOS run on the Mono framework (i.e., they rely on a runtime layer to execute the build on the target platform), their performance may lag behind that of native applications, particularly in terms of startup time, memory usage, and operations that involve frequent interop.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MAUI sits on top of native controls, so advanced styling or platform-specific behavior often requires additional platform-specific code.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The architecture of the .NET MAUI app looks like this:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/timspark.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Cross-platform-app-development-_1.webp&#8221; alt=&#8221;NET MAUI app architecture&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Cross-platform-app-development-_1&#8243; show_in_lightbox=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Image (NET MAUI)&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;80%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;80%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; max_width=&#8221;1080px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|12px|12px|12px|12px&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#eaeaea&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the diagram above,<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the app code primarily interacts with the .<strong>NET MAUI controls and APIs (1)<\/strong>, which in turn directly consume the platform\u2019s native APIs (3). <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition, app code can directly invoke the platform <strong>APIs (2)<\/strong> if necessary. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Platform-specific frameworks\u2014.NET for Android, iOS, Mac Catalyst, and <strong>Windows UI 3 (WinUI 3)<\/strong>\u2014all use the same Base Class Library (BCL), which abstracts platform details. The BCL runs on Mono for Android, iOS, and macOS, and on the .NET runtime (CoreCLR) for Windows.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><b>Sample of \u201cHello World\u201d application, created in .NET MAUI<\/b><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container csharp default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;\"><table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"line-numbers\"><div>1<br \/>2<br \/>3<br \/>4<br \/>5<br \/>6<br \/>7<br \/>8<br \/>9<br \/>10<br \/>11<br \/>12<br \/>13<br \/>14<br \/>15<br \/>16<br \/>17<br \/>18<br \/>19<br \/>20<br \/>21<br \/>22<br \/>23<br \/>24<br \/>25<br \/>26<br \/>27<br \/>28<br \/>29<br \/>30<br \/>31<br \/>32<br \/>33<br \/>34<br \/>35<br \/>36<br \/>37<br \/>38<br \/>39<br \/>40<br \/>41<br \/>42<br \/>43<br \/>44<br \/>45<br \/>46<br \/>47<br \/>48<br \/>49<br \/>50<br \/>51<br \/>52<br \/>53<br \/>54<br \/>55<br \/>56<br \/>57<br \/>58<br \/>59<br \/>60<br \/>61<br \/>62<br \/>63<br \/>64<br \/><\/div><\/td><td><div class=\"csharp codecolorer\"><span class=\"co1\">\/\/App.xaml<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"sy0\">&lt;?<\/span>xml version<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;1.0&quot;<\/span> encoding<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;UTF-8&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"sy0\">?&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"sy0\">&lt;<\/span>Application xmlns<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;http:\/\/schemas.microsoft.com\/dotnet\/2021\/maui&quot;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;xmlns<span class=\"sy0\">:<\/span>x<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;http:\/\/schemas.microsoft.com\/winfx\/2009\/xaml&quot;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;x<span class=\"sy0\">:<\/span><span class=\"kw4\">Class<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;HelloWorldApp.App&quot;<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"sy0\">&lt;\/<\/span>Application<span class=\"sy0\">&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<br \/>\n<span class=\"co1\">\/\/App.xaml.cs<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">using<\/span> <span class=\"co3\">Microsoft.Maui.Controls<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">namespace<\/span> <span class=\"co3\">HelloWorldApp<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">public<\/span> <span class=\"kw1\">partial<\/span> <span class=\"kw4\">class<\/span> App <span class=\"sy0\">:<\/span> Application<br \/>\n<span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"kw1\">public<\/span> App<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; InitializeComponent<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"co1\">\/\/ Wrap MainPage in a NavigationPage to show AppBar<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; MainPage <span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=new+msdn.microsoft.com\"><span class=\"kw3\">new<\/span><\/a> NavigationPage<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=new+msdn.microsoft.com\"><span class=\"kw3\">new<\/span><\/a> MainPage<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; BarBackgroundColor <span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span> Color<span class=\"sy0\">.<\/span><span class=\"me1\">White<\/span>,<br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; BarTextColor <span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span> Colors<span class=\"sy0\">.<\/span><span class=\"me1\">Black<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<br \/>\n<br \/>\n<span class=\"co1\">\/\/MainPage.xaml<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<span class=\"sy0\">&lt;?<\/span>xml version<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;1.0&quot;<\/span> encoding<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;utf-8&quot;<\/span> <span class=\"sy0\">?&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"sy0\">&lt;<\/span>ContentPage xmlns<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;http:\/\/schemas.microsoft.com\/dotnet\/2021\/maui&quot;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;xmlns<span class=\"sy0\">:<\/span>x<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;http:\/\/schemas.microsoft.com\/winfx\/2009\/xaml&quot;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;x<span class=\"sy0\">:<\/span><span class=\"kw4\">Class<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;HelloWorldApp.MainPage&quot;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp;Title<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;Hello World App&quot;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;BackgroundColor<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;#BCDCA4&quot;<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class=\"sy0\">&lt;<\/span>VerticalStackLayout<br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Spacing<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;25&quot;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Padding<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;30,0&quot;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;VerticalOptions<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;Center&quot;<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class=\"sy0\">&lt;<\/span>Label<br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Text<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;Hello, world!&quot;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;FontSize<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;24&quot;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;HorizontalOptions<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;Center&quot;<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">\/&gt;<\/span> &nbsp;<br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class=\"sy0\">&lt;\/<\/span>VerticalStackLayout<span class=\"sy0\">&gt;<\/span> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br \/>\n<span class=\"sy0\">&lt;\/<\/span>ContentPage<span class=\"sy0\">&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<br \/>\n<br \/>\n<span class=\"co1\">\/\/MainPage.xaml.cs<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">namespace<\/span> <span class=\"co3\">HelloWorldApp<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">public<\/span> <span class=\"kw1\">partial<\/span> <span class=\"kw4\">class<\/span> MainPage <span class=\"sy0\">:<\/span> ContentPage<br \/>\n<span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"kw1\">public<\/span> MainPage<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; InitializeComponent<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H3&#8243; module_id=&#8221;3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"React_Native_Advantages_for_Android_and_iOS_App_Development\"><\/span>React Native Advantages for Android and iOS App Development<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; link_font=&#8221;||on||on||||&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/reactnative.dev\/docs\/getting-started\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">React Native<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was released in 2015 by Meta Platforms, Inc. and initially intended for multiplatform mobile app development, that is, creating apps for both iOS and Android on a shared code base. Its programming language is JavaScript, which makes React Native especially popular among front-end developers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H4&#8243; module_id=&#8221;4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; header_4_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_4_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; header_4_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_4_font_size_phone=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_4_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h4>React Native pros:<\/h4>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; link_font=&#8221;||on||on||||&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The programming language is JavaScript, which is the most widely used language in the world according to a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/survey.stackoverflow.co\/2025\/technology#most-popular-technologies-language-prof\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stack Overflow Developer Survey<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is backed by a wide community and a large number of third-party libraries.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Officially supported platforms: iOS and Android. However, through collaboration with partners and the React Native community, it is possible to support <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/reactnative.dev\/docs\/out-of-tree-platforms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">macOS Desktop, Windows Desktop, and the Web<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as well. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H4&#8243; module_id=&#8221;4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; header_4_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_4_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; header_4_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_4_font_size_phone=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_4_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h4>React Native cons:<\/h4>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although React Native is widely used in production, some parts of its architecture are still evolving, and third-party libraries can change frequently, which can pose challenges for maintaining existing projects.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">React Native relies on a bridge architecture, which creates an intermediate layer between the app and the target platform. While this enables cross-platform functionality, it can introduce performance overhead and some limitations in flexibility.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since React Native uses native UI components, achieving highly customized or complex UIs can sometimes be challenging: developers may be limited by the available components and might need to implement native modules, which can increase development complexity and maintenance effort.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Briefly, React Native architecture is shown below:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/timspark.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Cross-platform-app-development_2.webp&#8221; alt=&#8221;React Native architecture&#8221; title_text=&#8221;React Native architecture&#8221; show_in_lightbox=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Image (React Native)&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;80%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;80%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; max_width=&#8221;1080px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|12px|12px|12px|12px&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#eaeaea&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The React Native renderer now uses a shared C++ core across platforms. Its APIs serve two purposes:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Communicating with React:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> rendering the React Tree and listening for events (e.g., onLayout, onKeyPress, touch).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Interacting with the host platform:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> mounting host views (create, insert, update, or delete) and listening for user-generated events.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; header_4_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_4_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; header_4_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_4_font_size_phone=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_4_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Here is a sample of \u201cHello World\u201d application, created in React Native:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#f4f4f4&#8243; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container javascript default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;\"><table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"line-numbers\"><div>1<br \/>2<br \/>3<br \/>4<br \/>5<br \/>6<br \/>7<br \/>8<br \/>9<br \/>10<br \/>11<br \/>12<br \/>13<br \/>14<br \/>15<br \/>16<br \/>17<br \/>18<br \/>19<br \/>20<br \/>21<br \/>22<br \/>23<br \/><\/div><\/td><td><div class=\"javascript codecolorer\"><span class=\"kw5\">import<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span> Text<span class=\"sy0\">,<\/span> View<span class=\"sy0\">,<\/span> StyleSheet <span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span> from <span class=\"st0\">'react-native'<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">const<\/span> HelloWorldApp <span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span> <span class=\"sy0\">=&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; <span class=\"kw1\">return<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"sy0\">&lt;<\/span>View style<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span>styles.<span class=\"me1\">container<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"sy0\">&lt;<\/span>Text style<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span>styles.<span class=\"me1\">text<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">&gt;<\/span>Hello<span class=\"sy0\">,<\/span> world<span class=\"sy0\">!&lt;\/<\/span>Text<span class=\"sy0\">&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"sy0\">&lt;\/<\/span>View<span class=\"sy0\">&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">const<\/span> styles <span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span> StyleSheet.<span class=\"me1\">create<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; container<span class=\"sy0\">:<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; flex<span class=\"sy0\">:<\/span> <span class=\"nu0\">1<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">,<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; justifyContent<span class=\"sy0\">:<\/span> <span class=\"st0\">'center'<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">,<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; alignItems<span class=\"sy0\">:<\/span> <span class=\"st0\">'center'<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">,<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; backgroundColor<span class=\"sy0\">:<\/span> <span class=\"st0\">&quot;#bcdcac&quot;<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">,<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">,<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; text<span class=\"sy0\">:<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; fontSize<span class=\"sy0\">:<\/span> <span class=\"nu0\">24<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">,<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<span class=\"kw5\">export<\/span> <span class=\"kw1\">default<\/span> HelloWorldApp<span class=\"sy0\">;<\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H3&#8243; module_id=&#8221;3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Flutter_to_Reduce_Development_Costs\"><\/span>Flutter to Reduce Development Costs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; link_font=&#8221;||on||on||||&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 2017, Google introduced Flutter, a framework for <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.flutter.dev\/reference\/supported-platforms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cross-platform app development<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, with Dart (C-style syntax) as the programming language. While Dart may not be the most widely used language among software developers, it is relatively easy to learn. What sets Flutter apart is its custom, open-source rendering engine \u2014 originally based on Skia and now evolving toward Impeller \u2014 which lets developers create fully custom widgets and UI layouts independent of native platform controls. Also, Flutter compiles assemblies into native machine code, ensuring the performance of Flutter apps is close to native apps, though slightly below in some cases due to runtime differences.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H4&#8243; module_id=&#8221;4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; header_4_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_4_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; header_4_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_4_font_size_phone=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_4_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h4>Flutter pros:<\/h4>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; link_font=&#8221;||on||on||||&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Flutter does not rely on target platform widgets; instead, it uses its own open-source rendering engine (Skia or Impeller). This allows developers to implement the desired UI without worrying about updates on the target platforms affecting the application\u2019s appearance. A clear example of this advantage is the ability to recreate<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.apple.com\/newsroom\/2025\/06\/apple-introduces-a-delightful-and-elegant-new-software-design\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Apple\u2019s \u201cLiquid Glass\u201d<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (glassmorphism) visual effect in Flutter long before it became officially available in iOS 26. In other words, developers can create these translucent, blurred effects even on older iOS versions, unlike other cross-platform frameworks that depend on native UI components.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Flutter doesn\u2019t use middleware or bridges; instead, it allows direct assembly compilation for a specific platform, providing performance comparable to native technologies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Officially supported platforms: Android, iOS, Web, Linux (Debian, Ubuntu), MacOS, Windows. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H4&#8243; module_id=&#8221;4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; header_4_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_4_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; header_4_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_4_font_size_phone=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_4_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h4>Flutter cons:<\/h4>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can only build client apps with Flutter. While Dart can be used with limitations for server-side development, it is not fully mature for this purpose.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can\u2019t invoke native APIs directly from Dart. To access certain OS-level features, you must use platform channels or FFI with native languages such as:<br \/><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kotlin or Java on Android<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Swift or Objective-C on iOS \/ macOS<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C++ on Windows<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C on Linux<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Even with the Impeller rendering engine (default on iOS since Flutter 3.16), scrolling performance may still feel less smooth than in fully native UIKit apps, especially with complex lists or translucent effects.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Flutter Web renders text and UI via a canvas, not standard HTML elements, which causes SEO indexing issues and can affect accessibility.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Flutter has a layered architecture, where each part of the framework layer is designed to be optional and replaceable:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/timspark.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Cross-platform-app-development_3.webp&#8221; alt=&#8221;Flutter architecture&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Cross-platform app development_3&#8243; show_in_lightbox=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Image (Flutter)&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;80%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;80%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; max_width=&#8221;1080px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|12px|12px|12px|12px&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#eaeaea&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the top, the <\/span><b>framework<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, written in Dart, provides a reactive UI toolkit with rich platform, layout, and foundational libraries. Beneath it, the <\/span><b>engine<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, primarily written in C++, implements low-level functionality for rendering, text layout, graphics (via Skia or Impeller), I\/O, accessibility, and the Dart runtime. At the bottom, the <\/span><b>platform-specific embedder<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> acts as the application\u2019s entry point, coordinating with the operating system to access services like rendering surfaces, input, and accessibility, while managing the message loop.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Here is a sample of \u201cHello World\u201d application in Flutter:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Your content goes here. Edit or remove this text inline or in the module Content settings. You can also style every aspect of this content in the module Design settings and even apply custom CSS to this text in the module Advanced settings.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#f4f4f4&#8243; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container dart default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;\"><table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"line-numbers\"><div>1<br \/>2<br \/>3<br \/>4<br \/>5<br \/>6<br \/>7<br \/>8<br \/>9<br \/>10<br \/>11<br \/>12<br \/>13<br \/>14<br \/>15<br \/>16<br \/>17<br \/>18<br \/>19<br \/>20<br \/>21<br \/>22<br \/>23<br \/>24<br \/><\/div><\/td><td><div class=\"dart codecolorer\"><span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"st0\">'package:flutter\/material.dart'<\/span><span class=\"sy6\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<span class=\"kw2\">void<\/span> main<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; runApp<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"kw1\">const<\/span> HelloWorldApp<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"sy6\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">class<\/span> HelloWorldApp <span class=\"kw1\">extends<\/span> StatelessWidget <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; <span class=\"kw1\">const<\/span> HelloWorldApp<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span>Key<span class=\"sy4\">?<\/span> key<span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span> <span class=\"sy4\">:<\/span> <span class=\"kw1\">super<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span>key<span class=\"sy4\">:<\/span> key<span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"sy6\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n&nbsp; @override<br \/>\n&nbsp; Widget build<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span>BuildContext context<span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"kw1\">return<\/span> MaterialApp<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; home<span class=\"sy4\">:<\/span> Scaffold<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; appBar<span class=\"sy4\">:<\/span> AppBar<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; title<span class=\"sy4\">:<\/span> <span class=\"kw1\">const<\/span> Text<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"st0\">'Hello World App'<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"sy6\">,<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"sy6\">,<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; backgroundColor<span class=\"sy4\">:<\/span> <span class=\"kw1\">const<\/span> Color<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"nu12\">0xFFbcdca4<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"sy6\">,<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; body<span class=\"sy4\">:<\/span> <span class=\"kw1\">const<\/span> Center<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; child<span class=\"sy4\">:<\/span> Text<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"st0\">'Hello, world!'<\/span><span class=\"sy6\">,<\/span> style<span class=\"sy4\">:<\/span> TextStyle<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span>fontSize<span class=\"sy4\">:<\/span> <span class=\"nu0\">24<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"sy6\">,<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"sy6\">,<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"sy6\">,<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><span class=\"sy6\">;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H3&#8243; module_id=&#8221;3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kotlin_Multiplatform_Ensuring_Scalability_in_Cross-Platform_Apps\"><\/span>Kotlin Multiplatform: Ensuring Scalability in Cross-Platform Apps<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; link_font=&#8221;||on||on||||&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A relatively recent addition to the cross-platform development ecosystem, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/kotlinlang.org\/docs\/multiplatform-get-started.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kotlin Multiplatform<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (KMP) is worth being added to the list. Kotlin, renowned among Android and backend developers, drives around <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/developer.android.com\/kotlin\/build-better-apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">95% of the top 1,000<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Play Store apps. Therefore, it is not surprising that JetBrains decided to take this technology to the next level by adding support for various platforms. The initial KMP release in late 2023 was primarily focused on Android and desktop, while offering experimental iOS support, which made it an incomplete alternative to Flutter. Over the past two years, JetBrains has significantly advanced Kotlin Multiplatform, providing stable iOS support and enabling developers to share both business logic and UI components across platforms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H4&#8243; module_id=&#8221;4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; header_4_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_4_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; header_4_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_4_font_size_phone=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_4_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h4>Kotlin Multiplatform pros:<\/h4>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|40px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; link_font=&#8221;||on||on||||&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can use Kotlin not only for the client app, but also for the server-side development.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can implement shared logic below the UI layer.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Developers have unrestricted, easy access to both Android and iOS SDKs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With Compose Multiplatform (additional technology from JetBrains), developers can reuse <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jetbrains.com\/help\/kotlin-multiplatform-dev\/supported-platforms.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UI code across platforms<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Beyond the virtual machine option (JVM), Kotlin Multiplatform allows compilation of native binaries using Kotlin\/Native ensuring no loss in performance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Officially supported platforms: Android, iOS, macOS, Linux, Windows, and Web (Kotlin\/JS) are stable; Web Wasm, watchOS, and tvOS are in Beta.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H4&#8243; module_id=&#8221;4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; header_4_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_4_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; header_4_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_4_font_size_phone=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_4_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h4>Kotlin Multiplatform pros:<\/h4>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Not all third-party libraries are available for multiplatform projects; some may require separate implementations for each platform.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unlike other cross-platform frameworks discussed above, Compose Hot Reload works only on Desktop targets and requires Java 21 or earlier, which can slow development and debugging.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While Compose Multiplatform is stable on iOS and Android, some advanced UI features may still require platform-specific adjustments.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><strong>High-level Kotlin architecture is shown below:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/timspark.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Kotlin-multiplatform.webp&#8221; alt=&#8221;Kotlin Multiplatform&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Kotlin multiplatform&#8221; show_in_lightbox=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Image (Flutter)&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.23.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;80%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;80%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; max_width=&#8221;1080px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|12px|12px|12px|12px&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#eaeaea&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kotlin Multiplatform enables code sharing across multiple targets while supporting platform-specific implementations where necessary. Compose Multiplatform applies the same approach to the UI layer, offering a shared declarative framework based on Jetpack Compose, with rendering adapted to each platform.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.3&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Here is a sample of \u201cHello World\u201d application in Kotlin:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"c5\">[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#f4f4f4&#8243; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container kotlin default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;\"><table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"line-numbers\"><div>1<br \/>2<br \/>3<br \/>4<br \/>5<br \/>6<br \/>7<br \/>8<br \/>9<br \/>10<br \/>11<br \/>12<br \/>13<br \/>14<br \/>15<br \/>16<br \/>17<br \/>18<br \/>19<br \/>20<br \/>21<br \/>22<br \/>23<br \/>24<br \/>25<br \/>26<br \/>27<br \/>28<br \/>29<br \/>30<br \/>31<br \/>32<br \/>33<br \/>34<br \/>35<br \/>36<br \/>37<br \/>38<br \/>39<br \/>40<br \/>41<br \/>42<br \/>43<br \/>44<br \/>45<br \/>46<br \/>47<br \/>48<br \/>49<br \/>50<br \/>51<br \/>52<br \/>53<br \/>54<br \/>55<br \/>56<br \/>57<br \/>58<br \/>59<br \/>60<br \/>61<br \/>62<br \/>63<br \/><\/div><\/td><td><div class=\"kotlin codecolorer\"><span class=\"kw1\">package<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">com.example.helloworld<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">android.os.Bundle<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.activity.ComponentActivity<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.activity.compose.setContent<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.foundation.background<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.foundation.layout.*<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.material3.*<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.runtime.Composable<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.ui.Alignment<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.ui.Modifier<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.ui.unit.sp<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">class<\/span> MainActivity <span class=\"sy0\">:<\/span> ComponentActivity<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"kw1\">override<\/span> <span class=\"kw1\">fun<\/span> onCreate<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span>savedInstanceState<span class=\"sy0\">:<\/span> Bundle<span class=\"sy0\">?<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"kw1\">super<\/span>.<span class=\"me1\">onCreate<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span>savedInstanceState<span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; setContent <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; HelloWorldApp<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"sy0\">&lt;\/<\/span>pre<span class=\"sy0\">&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"sy0\">&lt;!--<\/span> HelloWorldApp.<span class=\"me1\">kt<\/span> <span class=\"sy0\">--&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"sy0\">&lt;<\/span>pre data<span class=\"sy0\">-<\/span>enlighter<span class=\"sy0\">-<\/span>language<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;kotlin&quot;<\/span> data<span class=\"sy0\">-<\/span>enlighter<span class=\"sy0\">-<\/span>title<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;HelloWorldApp.kt&quot;<\/span> data<span class=\"sy0\">-<\/span>enlighter<span class=\"sy0\">-<\/span>linenumbers<span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;true&quot;<\/span><span class=\"sy0\">&gt;<\/span><span class=\"kw1\">package<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">com.example.helloworld<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.foundation.layout.*<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.material3.*<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.runtime.Composable<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.ui.Alignment<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.ui.Modifier<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">import<\/span> <span class=\"co2\">androidx.compose.ui.unit.sp<\/span><br \/>\n<br \/>\n@Composable<br \/>\n<span class=\"kw1\">fun<\/span> HelloWorldApp<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; Scaffold<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; topBar <span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; SmallTopAppBar<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; title <span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span> Text<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"st0\">&quot;Hello World App&quot;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span>,<br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; colors <span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span> TopAppBarDefaults.<span class=\"me1\">smallTopAppBarColors<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; containerColor <span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.google.com\/search?hl=en&amp;q=allinurl%3Adocs.oracle.com+javase+docs+api+color\"><span class=\"kw3\">Color<\/span><\/a>.<span class=\"me1\">White<\/span>,<br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; titleContentColor <span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.google.com\/search?hl=en&amp;q=allinurl%3Adocs.oracle.com+javase+docs+api+color\"><span class=\"kw3\">Color<\/span><\/a>.<span class=\"me1\">Black<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span>,<br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; containerColor <span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.google.com\/search?hl=en&amp;q=allinurl%3Adocs.oracle.com+javase+docs+api+color\"><span class=\"kw3\">Color<\/span><\/a><span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span>0xFFbcdca4<span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span> padding <span class=\"sy0\">-&amp;<\/span>gt<span class=\"sy0\">;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.google.com\/search?hl=en&amp;q=allinurl%3Adocs.oracle.com+javase+docs+api+box\"><span class=\"kw3\">Box<\/span><\/a><span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; modifier <span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.google.com\/search?hl=en&amp;q=allinurl%3Adocs.oracle.com+javase+docs+api+modifier\"><span class=\"kw3\">Modifier<\/span><\/a><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; .<span class=\"me1\">fillMaxSize<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; .<span class=\"me1\">padding<\/span><span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span>padding<span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span>,<br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; contentAlignment <span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span> Alignment.<span class=\"me1\">Center<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span> <span class=\"br0\">&#123;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Text<span class=\"br0\">&#40;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; text <span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span> <span class=\"st0\">&quot;Hello, world!&quot;<\/span>,<br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; fontSize <span class=\"sy0\">=<\/span> <span class=\"nu0\">24<\/span>.<span class=\"me1\">sp<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#41;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp; &nbsp; <span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"br0\">&#125;<\/span><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;64px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;64px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;64px||||false|false&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H3&#8243; module_id=&#8221;3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;30px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cross-platform_app_development_frameworks_comparison\"><\/span>Cross-platform app development frameworks comparison<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here\u2019s a side-by-side comparison of the most popular cross-platform technologies for mobile app development.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<div class=\"wptb-container-legacy\" data-table-id=\"385214\">\n    <table class=\"wptb-preview-table wptb-element-main-table_setting-385214\" style=\"border-spacing: 3px 3px; border-collapse: collapse !important; min-width: 100%; border: 1px solid #000000; \" data-border-spacing-columns=\"3\" data-border-spacing-rows=\"3\" data-reconstraction=\"1\" data-wptb-table-directives=\"eyJpbm5lckJvcmRlcnMiOnsiYWN0aXZlIjoiYWxsIiwiYm9yZGVyV2lkdGgiOjEsImJvcmRlclJhZGl1c2VzIjp7ImFsbCI6MCwicm93IjowLCJjb2x1bW4iOjB9fX0=\" data-wptb-responsive-directives=\"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\" data-wptb-cells-width-auto-count=\"5\" data-wptb-apply-table-container-max-width=\"1\" data-wptb-table-container-max-width=\"850\" data-wptb-extra-styles=\"\" data-wptb-pro-pagination-top-row-header=\"false\" data-wptb-rows-per-page=\"10\" data-wptb-pro-search-top-row-header=\"false\" data-wptb-searchbar-position=\"left\" role=\"table\" data-table-columns=\"5\" data-wptb-table-alignment=\"center\" data-wptb-td-width-auto=\"120\" data-wptb-table-tds-sum-max-width=\"708\" data-wptb-header-background-color=\"#ba75ff\" data-wptb-even-row-background-color=\"#ffffff\" data-wptb-odd-row-background-color=\"#ffffff\" ><tbody data-global-font-size=\"15\" ><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ba75ff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"0\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-597\" style=\"color: #ffffff; font-size: 20px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Criteria<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"0\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-598\" style=\"color: #ffffff; font-size: 20px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>MAUI<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"0\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-599\" style=\"color: #ffffff; font-size: 20px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>React Native<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"0\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-600\" style=\"color: #ffffff; font-size: 20px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Flutter<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"0\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-601\" style=\"color: #ffffff; font-size: 20px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Kotlin Multiplatform<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"1\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-602\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Current version<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"1\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-603\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">9<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"1\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-604\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">0.82<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"1\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-605\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">3.35<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"1\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-606\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">2.2.20<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"2\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-607\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Initial release<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"2\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-608\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">2022\n(its predecessor, Xamarin, was released in 2011)<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"2\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-609\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">2015<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"2\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-610\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">2017<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"2\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-611\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">2022\n(Kotlin itself was released in 2011)<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"3\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-612\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Manufacturer (Owner)<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"3\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-613\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Microsoft<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"3\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-614\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Meta Platforms, Inc.<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"3\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-615\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p>Google<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"3\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-616\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">JetBrains<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"4\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-617\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Programming language<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"4\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-618\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">C#<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"4\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-619\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">JavaScript \/ TypeScript<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"4\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-620\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Dart<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"4\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-621\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Kotlin<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"5\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-622\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Hot reloading support<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"5\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-623\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"5\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-624\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"5\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-625\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"5\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-626\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Limited support for Desktop targets and requires Java 21 or earlier<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"6\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-627\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>iOS support<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"6\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-628\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"6\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-629\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes, incl. tvOS<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"6\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-630\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"6\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-631\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes ( incl. tvOS and watchOS in Beta)<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"7\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-632\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Android support<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"7\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-633\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"7\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-634\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes, incl AndroidTV<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"7\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-635\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"7\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-636\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes, incl. Android NDK<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"8\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-637\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Web support<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"8\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-638\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p>No. The workaround is via <a href=\"https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/aspnet\/core\/blazor\/hybrid\/tutorials\/maui-blazor-web-app?view=aspnetcore-9.0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Blazor Hybrid or Blazor WebAssembly.<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"8\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-639\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Supported by community<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"8\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-640\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes. However, some SEO-indexing issues can be, since Flutter renders text and UI via a canvas, not standard HTML elements.<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"8\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-641\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Beta<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"9\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-642\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>macOS support<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"9\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-643\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"9\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-644\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Supported by community<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"9\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-645\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"9\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-646\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"10\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-647\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Windows support<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"10\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-648\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"10\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-649\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Supported by community<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"10\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-650\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"10\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-651\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"11\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-652\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Linux support<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"11\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-653\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Workaround provided by community<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"11\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-654\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Very limited, Supported by community<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"11\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-655\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"11\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-656\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"12\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-657\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Ability to write server app<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"12\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-658\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">MAUI isn\u2019t meant for server apps, but .NET supports full server development.<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"12\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-659\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">No<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"12\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-660\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Dart can be used with restrictions<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"12\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-661\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Yes<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"13\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-662\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>UI and its customization<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"13\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-663\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">UI elements are based on native components. Deep customization requires platform-specific handlers, so it can be limited.<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"13\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-664\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Uses native components with a JavaScript bridge. Customizing UI often requires native modules and can be complex or poorly documented.<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"13\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-665\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Renders all UI via its own engine and widgets. Appearance is consistent across platforms, and the UI is highly customizable.<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"13\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-666\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">UI can be native or custom (e.g., Compose). Custom widgets have minimal restrictions, but per-platform adjustments may be needed for native behavior.<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"14\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-667\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Performance<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"14\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-668\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Near-native performance, but slower startup and runtime overhead possible because MAUI adds a .NET runtime layer and handler abstraction on top of native SDKs.<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"14\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-669\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Performance can be impacted by the JavaScript bridge, especially in complex UIs or when using deep native modules.<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"14\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-670\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">High performance; compiled into platform-specific native binaries, though iOS may show micro-jank on scrolling due to GPU-bound compositing; web may have slower initial load.<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"14\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-671\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">High performance; compiled into platform-specific native binaries for Android and iOS, though minor platform-specific optimizations may be needed.<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr  class=\"wptb-row \" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; \"><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"15\" data-x-index=\"0\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-672\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Framework stability<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"15\" data-x-index=\"1\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-673\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Generally stable. Migration from Xamarin.Forms renderers and minor breaking changes between versions may require adjustments, but Microsoft maintains strong support and addresses issues promptly.<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"15\" data-x-index=\"2\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-674\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Stable at its core, but ecosystem-dependent. Upgrades can break apps if native modules or third-party libraries are not updated, and occasional bridge\/API changes require care.<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"15\" data-x-index=\"3\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-675\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Highly stable. Google maintains strong backward compatibility, and most updates are smooth with minimal impact on existing apps.<\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell \" colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"padding: 10px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-radius: 0px; \" data-y-index=\"15\" data-x-index=\"4\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-height=\"true\" data-wptb-cell-vertical-alignment=\"center\" ><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-676\" style=\"color: #12141c; font-size: 15px; \"><div style=\"position: relative;\">Stable for shared logic, but Compose Multiplatform (UI) is still evolving; API changes and less mature libraries may affect development.<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<\/div>\n[\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H2&#8243; module_id=&#8221;3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;&#8211;et_global_heading_font|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cross-platform_development_challenges\"><\/span>Cross-platform development challenges<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite the attractiveness of cross-platform technologies, there are a number of questions and nuances that must be taken into account when planning development, timelines and budget.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cross-platform_software_development_cost\"><\/span>Cross-platform software development cost<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although cross-platform technologies provide a single code base for multiple platforms, the reduction in product development costs for those platforms may not be as large as one might expect. The main reasons for this:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can use Kotlin not only for the client app, but also for the server-side development.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can implement shared logic below the UI layer.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Developers have unrestricted, direct access to both Android and iOS SDKs.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With Compose Multiplatform (additional technology from JetBrains), developers can reuse UI code across platforms. However, Compose Multiplatform is currently only stable for Android and desktop.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Beyond the virtual machine option (JVM), Kotlin Multiplatform allows compilation of native binaries using Kotlin\/Native ensuring no loss in performance.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Officially supported platforms: Android, iOS (Alpha), MacOS, Linux, Windows, Web Wasm (Alpha).<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H3&#8243; module_id=&#8221;4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Multiplatform_app_development_risks\"><\/span>Multiplatform app development risks<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you decide to dive into cross-platform development, it\u2019s important to consider the following potential risks when planning the project:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You may have to look for workarounds to access the hardware. Therefore, during the analysis and design phase, it is advisable to identify critical hardware requirements for your future product and decide on cross-platform technology. The same applies to target operating system functions (API calls).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If your product needs to interact with third-party applications installed on the user\u2019s device (for example, Google Maps), it\u2019s crucial to ensure that the chosen framework supports such interactions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since some cross-platform technologies use middleware (or bridges) in their architecture, you should keep an eye on the product\u2019s performance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cross-platform technology manufacturers typically lag behind updates to the target platform itself. Therefore, you need to ensure that the development framework considers crucial changes potentially affecting your product\u2019s interactions with the target platform.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In case of cross-platform mobile app development, you need to make sure that the approach you choose won\u2019t drain the device\u2019s battery or cause memory leaks, and will use the device\u2019s storage sparingly. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H3&#8243; module_id=&#8221;4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;&#8211;et_global_heading_font|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Useful_tips_for_cross-platform_development\"><\/span>Useful tips for cross-platform development<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px|0px|0px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; link_font=&#8221;||on||on||||&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Set up a continuous delivery process where each alteration in the source code will be checked for consistency and errors and automatically delivered to the required environment (test or production). For example, in the case of an iOS application, approved changes can be automatically compiled into a new build, verified using autotests, and added to TestFlight (for beta versions) or directly to the store. An experienced <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/services\/devops-services\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">DevOps can handle this task<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H3&#8243; module_id=&#8221;4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Multiplatform_app_development_risks-2\"><\/span>Multiplatform app development risks<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; link_font=&#8221;||on||on||||&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plan time required to write unit and integration tests (so-called white box testing). Initially perceived as an extra expense, these automated tests run automatically during the build phase, ensuring development stability. The software developers themselves take charge of these tests.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition to white box testing, you can add black box testing: automated tests written using specialized frameworks that simulate real human behavior. For example, toggling the location or Internet connection on the target device and checking the app\u2019s response. A proficient <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/services\/qa-outsourcing-testing\/\">AQA specialist<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can develop such tests and thus reduce the time required for manual QA engineers to verify the acceptability of a new release.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H3&#8243; module_id=&#8221;4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|8px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"AI_Tools_to_speed_up_cross-platform_development\"><\/span>AI Tools to speed up cross-platform development<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; link_font=&#8221;||on||on||||&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p>Leverage AI tools to optimize development and maintenance. AI-powered assistants such as GitHub Copilot, JetBrains AI Assistant, and AI-based test generation tools can accelerate coding, improve test coverage, and detect issues earlier. AI analytics solutions can also identify performance bottlenecks and optimize crash diagnostics, saving engineering hours and improving software reliability across platforms. For example, <a href=\"https:\/\/zipy.ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zipy.ai<\/a> (for React Native and Flutter) and <a href=\"https:\/\/kotzilla.io\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kotzilla<\/a> (for Kotlin Multiplatform) provide real-time analytics and error monitoring.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;H3&#8243; module_id=&#8221;4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Anek Latin|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; header_3_font_size_tablet=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_3_font_size_phone=&#8221;30px&#8221; header_3_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; link_font=&#8221;||on||on||||&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We\u2019ve only scratched the surface of cross-platform development. Today, dozens of technologies exist, each with its own strengths and limitations.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, how do you choose the right one? The most reliable way to avoid implementation challenges \u2014 or the risk of having to rewrite your software from scratch \u2014 is to involve seasoned specialists. At Timspark, we provide <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/timspark.com\/services\/dedicated-teams\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">dedicated development teams<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> experienced in <strong>Flutter, React Native, Kotlin, and .NET MAUI.<\/strong> Contact us today for a free consultation on your cross-platform project.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;3_5,2_5&#8243; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|off&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;CTA&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#0a0a0a&#8221; use_background_color_gradient=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color_gradient_direction=&#8221;318deg&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops=&#8221;#8002ff 1%|rgba(74, 12, 142, 1) 20%|#13151d 46%|#13151d 100%&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;off&#8221; 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width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;30px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"References\"><\/span>References<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text module_id=&#8221;8&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.6em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Work Sans|700|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.5em&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;100%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|0px|48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|0px|32px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; link_font=&#8221;||on||on||||&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gs.statcounter.com\/os-market-share#monthly-202409-202509\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Operating System Market Share Worldwide<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. StatCounter, 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/dotnet\/maui\/what-is-maui?view=net-maui-8.0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What is .NET MAUI?<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Microsoft, 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/survey.stackoverflow.co\/2025\/technology#most-popular-technologies-language-prof\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2025 Developer Survey.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Stack Overflow, 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reactnative.dev\/docs\/getting-started\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">React Native.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Meta Platforms, Inc, 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reactnative.dev\/docs\/out-of-tree-platforms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Out-of-Tree Platforms.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Meta Platforms, Inc, 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.flutter.dev\/reference\/supported-platforms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Flutter Docs. Supported platforms.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Google, 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kotlinlang.org\/docs\/multiplatform-get-started.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Get started with Kotlin Multiplatform.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> JetBrains, 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/developer.android.com\/kotlin\/build-better-apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Why do teams adopt Kotlin?<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Google, 2025<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jetbrains.com\/help\/kotlin-multiplatform-dev\/supported-platforms.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kotlin Multiplatform. Stability of supported platforms.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> JetBrains, 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/developer.apple.com\/documentation\/foundation\/optimizing_your_app_s_data_for_icloud_backup\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Optimizing Your App\u2019s Data for iCloud Backup.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Apple Inc., 2024.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/developer.apple.com\/app-store\/review\/guidelines\/#design\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span>App Store Review Guidelines.<\/span><\/a><span> Apple Inc., 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][dsm_social_share_buttons dsm_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; dsm_social_hover_animation=&#8221;dsm-grow&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_font=&#8221;Fira Sans||||||||&#8221; width=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;65%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][dsm_social_share_buttons_child dsm_network=&#8221;twitter&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|40px|40px|40px|40px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; dsm_view=&#8221;icon_text&#8221; dsm_label=&#8221;on&#8221; dsm_social_hover_animation=&#8221;dsm-grow&#8221;][\/dsm_social_share_buttons_child][dsm_social_share_buttons_child dsm_network=&#8221;linkedin&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|40px|40px|40px|40px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; dsm_view=&#8221;icon_text&#8221; dsm_label=&#8221;on&#8221; dsm_social_hover_animation=&#8221;dsm-grow&#8221;][\/dsm_social_share_buttons_child][dsm_social_share_buttons_child dsm_network=&#8221;email&#8221; dsm_color_type=&#8221;custom&#8221; dsm_custom_bg_color=&#8221;#ffec43&#8243; dsm_custom_color=&#8221;#13151d&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|40px|40px|40px|40px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; dsm_view=&#8221;icon_text&#8221; dsm_label=&#8221;on&#8221; dsm_social_hover_animation=&#8221;dsm-grow&#8221;][\/dsm_social_share_buttons_child][dsm_social_share_buttons_child dsm_network=&#8221;print&#8221; dsm_color_type=&#8221;custom&#8221; dsm_custom_bg_color=&#8221;#464560&#8243; dsm_custom_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|40px|40px|40px|40px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; dsm_view=&#8221;icon_text&#8221; dsm_label=&#8221;on&#8221; dsm_social_hover_animation=&#8221;dsm-grow&#8221;][\/dsm_social_share_buttons_child][\/dsm_social_share_buttons][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cross-platform app development helps businesses build for Android, iOS, and desktop from one codebase. 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